“Self Portrait” by Katie McDowell (18), New Orleans Center for Creative Arts "An Old Man in Military Costume" by Simone Wuttke (18), Dartmouth College (recent Benjamin Franklin High School graduate) "This oil on canvas painting is inspired by Rembrandt's 'An Old...
Being a designer is to think like both an artist and an engineer. For me, being a designer is about creating a physical product or experience—like furniture, architecture, or a TV show. There are a million kinds of designers who design everything from cities to the internet, from video games to forks.
Everything on the planet has been designed—either by nature or humans—and we will always need to design new things. More importantly, we will always need to be able to design things better. For example, humans have been making glass for 5,000 years and the material continues to be redesigned to be more economical, safer, and more sustainable.
The place to start when you want to design something is to cultivate a maker mentality. When I need something—whether it’s a bookshelf or a dress—my first thought is: How can I make it myself with the supplies and tools that I already have? It may be easier to buy something readymade, and sometimes it’s unavoidable, but when I make something myself, it’s exactly what I want, costs less, is one-of-a-kind, and I learn something in the process.
Designing something makes me feel powerful. Learning the design process and cultivating technical skills is like unlocking how the world works. You learn that everything is connected and interdependent. For example, when we design a building in a city, it has to tie into the city’s infrastructure, it has to be approved by the neighborhood, and it has to be an integrated part of the local financial and environmental ecosystem.
Essential Tools of Design
As an architectural and set designer, I thought I’d share with you what I consider the most fundamental tools of design. Spoiler alert: Everyone already has the tools to be a great designer. With these tools, and practice, you can design and build anything you dream of!
Design Tool #1: SENSES
My senses are the tools I use to observe and collect inspiration from the world around me. To design buildings, spaces, and sets, inspiration can come from absolutely anywhere. I can see the tree house from the movie Swiss Family Robinson, touch the curve of a car, sense the size of a doorway, smell my grandparents’ house, taste the salt near the ocean, and hear the volume of a cathedral. To capture these things that inspire me most, I create a collage by printing photos I took, drawing, and writing.
This process can be messy and imperfect and seemingly illogical, and that’s totally okay. When I gather inspiration on one sheet, I begin to see connections—like prominent colors, recurring shapes, and patterns. Recording observations is the first brave step in the design process and the themes that emerge may be surprising.
When I dream up a project, I don’t know what the outcome will be, but taking these visual notes paves the way. The collage then becomes a tool that guides me throughout the design process.
Design Tool #2: IMAGINATION
Using my tool of imagination, I look at my collage and imagine new possibilities. I do this by asking myself questions. What if my flower was big enough for me to stand on? What if my structure was from outer space? What if the house under construction in my neighborhood was an actual tree house? Where do I want to go right now? What do I want to do there?
I answer those questions with sketches—lots of sketches. With a pen, pencil, paint, and/or markers I pull together details or concepts from different parts of my collage into an imagined place where I’d like to be. In using my imagination, patience is just as important as my pen. It may take eight, 16, 32, or more sketches before I’m satisfied and ready to move forward. In architecture school, I was taught to never erase a sketch, but to preserve it as a record—just like showing your work on a math test. Old, messy drawings may unlock a solution later in the process that I couldn’t imagine at the time.
Design Tool #3: HANDS
Once I have a 2D (two-dimensional) sketch that I’d like to explore further, I challenge it by building a model. With my hands I capture and sculpt space to give my 2D drawing a 3D physical form. With a few essential tools like scissors, an X-Acto blade, tape, and glue I can begin to explore volume, proportion, scale, and geometry. Sometimes I cut a piece off and may reattach it later—in this way, the model is still a “sketch.”
Physical model building is my favorite part in the design process and one that we skip over sometimes in professional practice because we build digital models. In the beginning of any architectural education, it is so important to feel and hold your model. It is an activity that actually mimics the construction process if you were to build a real building.
Building a tiny world for my scale figure requires my full attention and focus. It’s a good way to tune out any difficult stuff happening in the real world.
Attempt 1: Pointy platform thing
Attempt 2: Flower shelter thing
Attempt 3: I like where this is headed!
Inspired to design something?
Here is my design challenge for you:
1
Gather inspiration using all of your senses. Document your observations in a collage.
2
Imagine a place inspired by your collage. Using a sheet of paper, answer the following questions through drawing:
- What shapes and colors appear on your collage?
- Do you want to be in a place that’s enclosed or open to the outdoors?
- Is your place just for you or for several people? Who specifically?
- What activity do you do in the space?
- Is your place loud or quiet?
- Is your place big or small?
3
Create a base for your model that’s no larger than a typical sheet of paper (8 ½ inches x 11 inches).
I cut a base from a cardboard shipping box.
4
Cut out a scale figure that fits in the palm of your hand to represent you.
5
Search for building materials and a few trusty tools. Check the pantry, recycling bin, or the great outdoors for materials. My favorite tools are scissors, tape, pens, paints, and an X-Acto knife.
6
Using your scissors and X-Acto, bring your 2D drawing to life. Make sure it’s big enough for your scale figure to explore.
7
Iterate, iterate, iterate. Building the thing is the ultimate test and in that process the design continues to evolve.
8
Repeat step 7 until you’re satisfied… or just completely exhausted.
Tips:
- Architects and designers rarely work alone. Ask for advice from your family, chat with a friend about your project, or talk it through with your hamster when you struggle. (I had no less than three people review this article!) You can choose to take advice or not—no hard feelings. YOU are ultimately the project architect.
- Try not to judge your drawings or models as “good” or “bad,” and know that they don’t need to look anything like mine.
- Remember, perfection is boring.
Mary Claire Matucheski is an architectural and set designer who is passionate about getting tools into the hands of women and girls.